Soal dan Pembahasan UTBK SBMPTN Bahasa Inggris SMA/SMK Sederajat 2020
- Ziyadatul Hikmah
- Mar 10, 2021
- 19 min read
The following text is for question number 7 to 9.
Heat-related deaths are surging around the world, particularly among older people, scientists said on Thursday, warning of growing pressure on health systems hit hard by COVID-19. Almost 300,000 people over the age of 65 died from extreme heat in 2018 - a 54 percent rise in two decades, said a report on the links between health and climate in The Lancet medical journal. Higher temperatures are also making it impossible for people to work outdoors in sweltering conditions, with 302 billion work hours lost in 2019, up from 199 billion in 2000, it said.
“Climate-induced shocks are claiming lives, damaging health and disrupting livelihoods in all parts of the world right now," said Ian Hamilton, executive director of the fifth annual report of the Lancet Countdown on Health and Climate Change. No country is immune to the worsening effects of a warming world on people's health, whether linked to wildfires, heat waves, floods, pollution or mosquito-borne diseases, said the study by 35 academic institutions and UN agencies. The new coronavirus pandemic has thrown a spotlight on the ability of health systems to cope with the sorts of health shocks climate change could cause in future, said Hugh Montgomery, Lancet Countdown co-chairman.
"A nation's wealth offers no protection against the health impacts of even a 1.2C global average temperature rise," he said, referring to the level of warming since preindustrial times. "Flames, floods and famine do not respect national borders or bank accounts," said Montgomery, a professor of intensive care medicine at University College London who has been caring for COVID-19 patients.
The growing health threats linked to climate change could overwhelm healthcare systems without more effort to prepare them for the pressures of a warming world, the report warned. Only half of 101 countries surveyed had drawn up national health and climate plans, with just four saying they had adequate funding, it noted. At the same time, two-thirds of 814 cities surveyed expect climate change to seriously compromise their public health infrastructure, the report said. The rapid introduction of new online and telemedicine services in response to COVID-19 could help make the health care sector more resilient and reduce its planet-warming emissions, responsible for about 5 percent of the global total, it added.
7. The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses...
a. People and all living organism are in the dangerous condition.
b. The rising temperature seriously affects global health.
c. Higher temperatures is likely happened around the world.
d. COVID-19 help to reduce planet-warning emissions up to 6 percent.
e. People have to stay at home to protect themselves.
Jawaban : B
Pembahasan :
Teks di atas berisi informasi tentang kenaikan suhu yang berakibat buruk pada kesehatan di dunia. Hal ini bisa diketahui dari kalimat pertama paragraf 1. Opsi A kurang tepat karena tidak disebutkan penyebab kenapa semua makhluk hidup (people and living organism) sedang dalam bahaya. Opsi C kurang tepat karena tidak memberikan keterangan sebab-akibat (cause-effect). Opsi D dan E tidak tepat karena peryataan tersebut tidak sesuai dengan teks di atas. Jadi jawaban yang tepat adalah opsi B. The rising temperature seriously affects global health.
8. How would you describe the writer’s opinion about the coronavirus pandemic toward climate change?
a. cautious
b. pessimistic
c. helpful
d. stressful
e. doubtful
Jawaban : C
Pembahasan :
Dari peryataan yang disampaikan oleh Hugh Montgomery, Lancet Countdown co-chairman pada kalimat “The new coronavirus pandemic has thrown a spotlight on the ability of health systems to cope with the sorts of health shocks climate change could cause in future” (paragraf 2 kalimat terakhir), mengindikasikan bahwa virus ini dapat mengatasi dampak perubahan iklim yang mungkin terjadi di masa yang akan datang. Jadi, pendapat penulis tentang pandemi covid akan membantu (helpful) mengatasi dampak perubahan iklim dunia.
9. Based on the passage above, the summary can best be rewritten as….
[A]Heat-related deaths are surging around the world. Scientist suggest people to keep themselves healthy. Recently, people are enforced to face new trouble that is called COVID 19. Nevertheless, there is no cause-effect between the climate change and coronavirus pandemic.
[B] After the heat-warning all around the world, the scientist also announce to public that COVID 19 would seriously rise the level of heat waves, floods, pollution or mosquito-borne diseases as a climate change do. So that, people must be aware of these two phases.
[C] Coronavirus is more likely dangerous for healthcare systems. Recently, it might become a new thing for medical terms and need deep-extensive research for handling this issue.
[D] It begins with global warming outbreak with a large number of victims, coronavirus has seen as a good phase to cope the climate shocks because it reduces planet-warming emissions. Moreover, it makes the health care sector more resilient.
[E]. Based on The Lancet medical Journal, more than 250.000 people over the age of 65 died from extreme heat in 2018 - a 54 percent rise in two decades. It means that elderly people also had a higher-risk from getting affected on COVID 19.
Jawaban : D
Pembahasan :
Ringkasan yang tepat berdasarkan teks di atas adalah pada opsi D. Opsi D mencakup poin-poin penting yang menjelaskan pemanasan global, jumlah korban yang diakibatkan, sampai munculnya virus corona yang ternyata dapat membantu menanggulangi masalah kesehatan dunia akibat dari peningkatan suhu. Hal ini terjadi karena coronavirus pandemic sangat membatasi aktivitas manusia yang dapat meningkatkan emisi pada planet bumi.
Questions 10 - 12 are based on the following passage.
John Lennon's career was cut short 40 years ago when he was shot dead in New York -- but he lives on in the songs and attitudes of other artists. Many sing his tunes, some mention him in their lyrics, while others question his legacy or even admit, they really prefer his songwriting partner Paul McCartney.
Perhaps the greatest tribute to Lennon in recent years came from Bob Dylan, the US folk-rock giant who was a personal acquaintance. The closing track of Dylan's 2012 album Tempest was titled "Roll On John". The seven-minute dirge recounts Lennon's murder on December 8, 1980, and early life as a touring musician, "From the Liverpool docks to the red-light Hamburg streets".
Among the countless direct cover versions of Lennon's solo and Beatles songs, Ozzy Osbourne's 2010 tribute stood out: a version of "How?" from Lennon's classic album Imagine. The ex-leader of heavy metal pioneers Black Sabbath strolled through New York streets in a black leather trench coat and laid a wreath at Lennon's memorial in Central Park.
For all the nostalgia, Lennon was a divisive and contradictory figure. Sceptics questioned his status as a counterculture icon and the sincerity of his positions on gender equality and capitalism.
"Lennon had a 'teddy boy' side to him," said Stan Cuesta, author of a book about The Beatles, referring to the Liverpool musician's slick-haired, working class rebel beginnings.
"He once had a Rolls Royce. He was complex." Former Animals frontman Eric Burdon has said Lennon came up with the surreal lyrics to I Am The Walrus after the two took part in an orgy in London.
"John was always the provocateur of the group. He caused a terrible scandal when he said The Beatles were more popular than Jesus," said Cuesta.
"But he only got political and started going to art galleries with Yoko Ono," the Japanese artist he married in 1969.
Source : https://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2020/12/07/john-lennon-rockers-troubled-muse-40-years-on.html
10. The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses...
a. John Lennon was shot dead in New York.
b. John Lennon produced music with his soul in every lyrics.
c. John Lennon married a Japanese artist called Yoko Ono in 1969.
d. John Lennon caused a terrible scandal among The Beatles.
e. John Lennon is remembered as rocker's troubled muse on past 40 years.
Jawaban : E
Pembahasan :
Teks di atas memuat tentang informasi biografi seorang musisi legendaris bernama John Lennon. Berdasarkan pendapat kerabat di sekitarnya, John Lennon dikenang sebagai rocker yang senang membuat ulah saat masih hidup 40 tahun lalu. Jadi jawaban yang tepat adalah opsi E.
11. The author's viewpoint regarding John Lennon’s figure is...
a. irritated
b. annoyed
c. neutral
d. uninterested
e. resentful
Jawaban : C
Pembahasan :
Pendapat penulis mengenai figur musisi John Lennon yaitu netral. Sementara opsi irritated, annoyed, dan resentful berarti marah. Opsi uninterested berarti tidak tertarik. Jadi jawaban yang tepat adalah C. Neutral.
12. Which of the following is the best summary of the passage?
a. John Lennon was the only musician who was fight for gender equality. He also labeled as his a counterculture icon and the sincerity of his positions on capitalism. John Lennon was a dangerous person that is why he had been haunted by military opponent.
b. John Lennon was shot in New York 40 years ago but his legacy is still exist in so many songs. He lived not perfectly but courageous. He expressed himself in a good-nature of attitude. He also married a Chinese woman.
c. He was dead in New York 40 years behind. He was shot because of his bad attitude. Based on his friend, Eric Burdon. John Lennon was a provocateur of the groups. He is the main trouble maker which The Beatles scattered.
d. John Lennon's career was cut short 40 years ago when he was shot dead in New York - but he lives on in the songs and attitudes of other artists. The greatest tribute of Lennon in recent years might come from Bob Dylan. For all the nostalgia, Lennon was a divisive and contradictory figure. At the end, he married a Japanese artist.
e. John Lennon was a detail person. He looked into lyrics deeply to express himself. He was not only a musician but also a politician. It could be seen how he reacted on gender equality and capitalism in his country, New York.
Jawaban : D
Pembahasan :
Ringkasan yang tepat terhadap bacaan di atas adalah opsi D. Opsi D menerangkan informasi penting yang mencakup keseluruhan teks. Dimulai dari karir John Lennon, sebab John Lennon meninggal, karakternya yang cukup kontradiktif, sampai pada akhirnya menikahi seorang seniman Jepang bernama Yoko Ono.
T
Questions 16 - 18 are based on the following passage.
Batik has been recognized globally as an Indonesian cultural heritage. The Industry Ministry’s data showed that the export value of batik in the first half of 2020 reached US$21.54 million, with the United States, Japan and Europe as the main destinations.
An initiative of youth development foundation Yayasan Cinta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) in collaboration with the Indika Foundation resulted in the creation of Rumah Belajar Batik (Batik Learning House) in Semarang, Central Java, with the aim of preserving the country’s cultural heritage, improving the batik industry and creating jobs through integrated and holistic training.
More than 120 participants are trained in batik-making and online marketing, as well as given entrepreneurial assistance to build their own sustainable businesses. Eventhough, online marketing will challenge them, it is a must for participants to learn. Batik Sekarwangi group from Boja village in Kendal regency, Central Java, for instance, has sold about 100 batik fabrics and clothes. The group was supported by Kendal Cooperatives and the local micro, small and medium enterprises office to develop its business.
At the end of the training's first phase, each group will get batik-making equipment and materials worth Rp 5 million. Rumah Belajar Batik will initiate competition among groups every three months to enhance their skills and creativity. The prize for the winning group will be Rp 10 million. “Through Rumah Belajar Batik, not only do we teach people about batik-making but we also train them to be batik entrepreneurs. At the very least they can be batik makers who have access to online marketplaces,” said CEO and founder of YCAB Foundation Veronica Colondam in a statement. “Our mission is more than just enhancing their skills as we encourage them to be independent. If possible, we also want them to create jobs.”
Established in 1999, the YCAB Foundation runs 26 learning houses in 11 provinces, seeking to train the younger generation on digital literacy. Indika Foundation was founded by PT Indika Energy in 2017 to build the nation’s character and spread the spirit of peace and tolerance. (wir/wng)
16. The author describes the aim of competition among groups by Batik Learning House effectively in paragraph....
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5
Jawaban : D
Pembahasan :
Tujuan diselenggarakannya kompetisi antara beberapa grup yaitu untuk meningkatkan kemampuan dan kreatifitas peserta itu sendiri. Hal ini dapat dicermati pada kalimat ke-2 paragraf 4 “Rumah Belajar Batik will initiate competition among groups every three months to enhance their skills and creativity.”
17. The irrelevant statement of paragraph 3 is …
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5
Jawaban : B
Pembahasan :
Kalimat yang tidak relevan pada paragraph 3 yaitu “Eventhough, online marketing will challenge them, it is a must for participants to learn.” Kalimat ini tidak ada kaitannya dengan sebelum dan sesudah kalimat tersebut. Konteks yang dibahas adalah mengenai pelatihan online untuk mengembangkan jiwa bisnis peserta bukan kesulitan yang dihadapi pada online-marketing.
18. What is the relation between sentence 4 and sentence 5 in paragraph 4?
a. Sentence 4 provides a supportive statement to enhance participant’s skills and creativity.
b.Sentence 5 supports the young participant to be involved in Batik-making and online training as mentioned in sentence 4.
c. Sentence 5 tells the younger generation to join Batik-making training as introduced in sentence 4.
d. Both sentence 4 and 5 enlighten the statement of founder YCAB Foundation to train participants to be Batik entrepreneurs.
e. Sentence 4 and sentence 5 inform the readers about the benefits of joining the online training which organized by the YCAB Foundation.
Jawaban : D
Pembahasan :
Hubungan yang terdapat pada kalimat 3 dan kalimat 4 pada paragraf 4 yaitu bahwa kedua kalimat tersebut menerangkan kalimat yang disampaikan oleh Founder YCAB Foundation terhadap pelatihan yang digelar untuk membentuk peserta menjadi pengusaha batik. Hal ini dapat dicermati pada kalimat berikut : ”Through Rumah Belajar Batik, not only do we teach people about batik-making but we also train them to be batik entrepreneurs. At the very least they can be batik makers who have access to online marketplaces,” said CEO and founder of YCAB Foundation Veronica Colondam in a statement.”
Questions 19 - 22 are based on the following passage.
There are a few handfuls of major plates and dozens of smaller, or minor, plates. Six of the majors are named for the continents embedded within them, such as the North American, African, and Antarctic plates. Though smaller in size, the minors are no less important when it comes to shaping the Earth. The tiny Juan de Fuca plate is largely responsible for the volcanoes that dot the Pacific Northwest of the United States. The plates make up Earth’s outer shell, called the lithosphere. (This includes the crust and uppermost part of the mantle.) 1 Churning currents in the molten 2 rocks below propel them along like a jumble of conveyor belts in disrepair. Most geologic activity stems from the interplay where the plates meet or divide. The movement of the plates creates three types of tectonic boundaries: convergent, where plates move into one another; divergent, where plates move apart; and transform, where plates move sideways in relation to each other.
Where plates serving landmasses collide, the crust crumples and buckles into mountain ranges. India and Asia crashed about 55 million years ago, slowly giving rise to the Himalaya, the highest mountain system on Earth. As the mash-up continues, the mountains get higher. Mount Everest, the highest point on Earth, may be a tiny bit taller tomorrow than it is today. These convergent boundaries also occur where a plate of ocean dives, in a process called subduction, under a landmass. As the overlying plate lifts up, it also forms mountain ranges. In addition, the diving plate melts and is often spewed out in volcanic eruptions such as those that formed some of the mountains in the Andes of South America.
At divergent boundaries in the oceans, magma from deep in the Earth’s mantle rises toward the surface and pushes apart two or more plates. Mountains and volcanoes rise along the seam. The process renews the ocean floor and widens the giant basins. A single mid-ocean ridge system connects the world’s oceans, making the ridge the longest mountain range in the world. On land, giant troughs such as the Great Rift Valley in Africa form where plates are tugged apart. If the plates there continue to diverge, millions of years from now eastern Africa will split from the continent to form a new landmass. A mid-ocean ridge would then mark the boundary between the plates.
The San Andreas Fault in California is an example of a transform boundary, where two plates grind past each other along what are called strike-slip faults. These boundaries don’t produce spectacular features like mountains or oceans, but the halting motion often triggers large earthquakes, such as the 1906 one that devastated San Francisco.
Source : ”Plate Tectonics” by NGS Staff from National Geographic published by www.commonlit.org
19. The primary purpose of this passage is to....
a. inform the readers concerning the movement of the plates through three types of tectonic boundaries.
b. convince the readers of threatening plates movement toward the universe life.
c. maintain the plates to keep long-standing along the boundaries.
d. reminiscence the scientist to take action about the plate tectonics moving and shaking.
e. tell the readers that The San Andreas Fault in California is an example of a transform boundary.
Jawaban : A
Pembahasan :
Tujuan utama bacaan di atas adalah menginformasikan kepada pembaca tentang pergerakan lempeng tektonik. Terdapat tiga tipe batasan-batasan tektonik yaitu Covergent, Divergent, dan Transform Boundaries.
20. The case of the Tectonic Plates is most analogous to which of the following?
a. The outermost layers of Earth’s structure Earth’s, called the asthenosphere.
b. Subduction is a geological process in which oceanic lithosphere is recycled into the earth’s mantle at convergent boundaries.
c. When plates collide made crust crumples, it has no impact on the form of mountain ranges.
d. Spectacular feature like mountains formed of Everest are controlled by transform boundaries.
e. Great Rift Valley in Africa formed where plates are slowly move into one another.
Jawaban : B
Pembahasan :
Pernyataan yang paling tepat dengan konteks lempeng tektonik yaitu pada opsi B. Opsi B menjelaskan pengertian tentang tumbukan (Subduction) di mana hal ini merupakan proses geologi lapisan litosfer lautan yang didaur ulang masuk ke dalam mantel bumi pada batasan konvergen.
21. Based on the passage, which of the following statements about Divergent boundaries is the most accurate?
a. It formed some of the mountains in the Andes of South America.
b. India and Asia crashed about 55 million years ago, slowly giving rise to the Himalaya.
c. Eastern Africa will split from the continent to form a new landmass if the plates continue to diverge.
d. This boundaries often triggers large earthquakes such as in San Francisco.
e. It happens where plates move sideways in relation to each other.
Jawaban : C
Pembahasan :
Berdasarkan bacaan di atas, kalimat yang paling sesuai tentang batasan divergen adalah Negara bagian timur Afrika akan terpisah dari benua menjadi sebuah luas wilayah daratan baru jika lempeng-lempeng tetap menyimpang (diverge). Jadi jawaban yang tepat adalah opsi C.
22. According to the article, it identifies that the movement of tectonic plates causes….
a. Gaps in between plates and rising sea levels.
b. The forms of new landmass and wind flows.
c. Mountain ranges and giant basins width.
d. Rising sea levels and mountain Ranges.
e. Wind flows and gaps in between plates.
Jawaban : C
Pembahasan :
Berdasarkan bacaan di atas, pergerakan lempeng tektonik menyebabkan terciptanya jajaran gunung (Mountain ranges) dan perluasan lembah yang sangat besar (giant basins width). Hal ini dapat dicermati pada kalimat ke-3 dan ke-4 paragraf 3 yang berbunyi “The process renews the ocean floor and widens the giant basins. A single mid-ocean ridge system connects the world’s oceans, making the ridge the longest mountain range in the world.” Jadi jawaban yang tepat adalah opsi C.
Questions 23 - 26 are based on the following passage.
In the 1950s, Central American commercial banana growers were facing the death of their most lucrative product, the Gros Michel banana, known as Big Mike. And now it’s happening again to Big Mike’s successor – the Cavendish. With its easily transported, thick-skinned and sweet-tasting fruit, the Gros Michel banana plant dominated the plantations of Central America. United Fruit, the main grower and exporter in South America at the time, mass-produced its bananas in the most efficient way possible: it cloned shoots from the stems of plants instead of growing plants from seeds, and cultivated them in densely packed fields. Unfortunately, these conditions are also perfect for the spread of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense, which attacks the plant’s roots and prevents it from transporting water to the stem and leaves. The TR-1 strain of the fungus was resistant to crop sprays and travelled around on boots or the tyres of trucks, slowly infecting plantations across the region. In an attempt to escape the fungus, farmers abandoned infected fields, flooded them and then replanted crops somewhere else, often cutting down rainforest to do so.
Their efforts failed. So, instead, they searched for a variety of banana that the fungus didn’t affect. They found the Cavendish, as it was called, in the greenhouse of a British duke. It wasn’t as well suited to shipping as the Gros Michel, but its bananas tasted good enough to keep consumers happy. Most importantly, TR-1 didn’t seem to affect it. In a few years, United Fruit had saved itself from bankruptcy by filling its plantations with thousands of the new plants, copying the same monoculture growing conditions Gros Michel had thrived in.
While the operation was a huge success for the Latin American industry, the Cavendish banana itself is far from safe. In 2014, South East Asia, another major banana producer, exported four million tons of Cavendish bananas. But, in 2015, its exports had dropped by 46 per cent thanks to a combination of another strain of the fungus, TR-4, and bad weather.
Growing practices in South East Asia haven’t helped matters. Growers can’t always afford the expensive lab-based methods to clone plants from shoots without spreading the disease. Also, they often aren’t strict enough about cleaning farm equipment and quarantining infected fields. As a result, the fungus has spread to Australia, the Middle East and Mozambique – and Latin America, heavily dependent on its monoculture Cavendish crops, could easily be next.
Racing against the inevitable, scientists are working on solving the problem by genetically modifying the Cavendish with genes from TR-4-resistant banana species. Researchers at the Queensland University of Technology have successfully grown two kinds of modified plant which have remained resistant for three years so far. But some experts think this is just a sophisticated version of the same temporary solution the original Cavendish provided. If the new bananas are planted in the same monocultures as the Cavendish and the Gros Michel before it, the risk is that another strain of the disease may rise up to threaten the modified plants too.
Source : www.britishcouncil.org/learnenglish
23. The primary purpose of this passage is to ....
a. educate farmers to grow the Gros Michel in the next year.
b. cause farmers not to repeat the mistakes of the past.
c. encourage farmers to try new growing methods.
d. find a cause of Gros Michel banana’s death
e. modify the Cavendish genetically with genes from TR-4-resistant banana species
Jawaban : E
Pembahasan :
Tujuan utama teks di atas adalah untuk memodifikasi gen Cavendish dengan gen dari spesies pisang dari resisten TR-4. Hal ini dapat dicermati dari kalimat pertama paragraf 5. Jadi jawaban yang tepat adalah opsi E.
24. From the text above, which of the following statement is most analogous?
a. Cavendish is vulnerable to the TR-1 strain of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense
b. the spread of the TR-1 strain was caused by lack of water.
c. Cavendish is suitable for commercial use because it grows easily and tastes good enough for consumers
d. Gros Michel is having a higher risk in South East Asia.
e. Mass-produced bananas are sweeter than other bananas.
Jawaban : C
Pembahasan :
Pernyataan yang paling tepat berdasarkan bacaan di atas adalah bahwa Cavendish cocok untuk keperluan komersil karena tumbuh dengan mudah dan rasanya enak. Hal ini sesuai dengan kalimat ke-2 paragraf 2 yaitu “They found the Cavendish, as it was called, in the greenhouse of a British duke. It tasted good enough to keep consumers happy.”
25. Based on the passage, which of the following statements about Cavendish bananas is the most accurate?
a. The Cavendish banana has a quality far better than the Gros Michel.
b. The Cavendish bananas selling was increased up to 46 percent in 2014 and 2015
c. The Cavendish bananas was not resistant to TR-1.
d. The Cavendish bananas stopped United Fruit from losing more money.
e. The Cavendish bananas were easier to transport than the Gros Michel.
Jawaban : D
Pembahasan :
Pernyataan yang paling tepat berdasarkan bacaan di atas adalah bahwa pisang Cavendish memberhentikan produksi United Fruit untuk menghindari kerugian. Hal ini sesuai dengan kalimat terakhir paragraf 2 yaitu “United Fruit had saved itself from bankruptcy by filling its plantations with thousands of the new plants, copying the same monoculture growing conditions Gros Michel had thrived in.”
26. South East Asia’s Cavendish exports fell in 2015 because …
a. a new strain of the fungus had developed.
b. farmers can’t afford new farming technology.
c. they had to quarantine their fruit.
d. they depended too much on other countries.
e. there is another high-quality variety of banana.
Jawaban : A
Pembahasan :
Penjualan ekspor pisang Cavendish Asia Tenggara tahun 2015 jatuh/ merosot dikarenakan adanya varietas jamur baru yang menyerang Cavendish. Selain itu juga disebabkan oleh resisten TR-4 dan cuaca yang buruk. Hal ini sesuai dengan kalimat terakhir paragraf 3 yaitu “…but, in 2015, its exports had dropped by 46 per cent thanks to a combination of another strain of the fungus, TR-4, and bad weather.”
Questions 27 - 30 are based on the following passage.
The platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) is among nature's most unlikely animals. In fact, the first scientists to examine a specimen believed they were the victims of a hoax. The animal is best described as a hodgepodge of more familiar species: the duck (bill and webbed feet), beaver (tail), and otter (body and fur). Males are also venomous. They have sharp stingers on the heels of their rear feet and can use them to deliver a strong toxic blow to any foe. They also have 15 inches on their head and body, 5 inches for the tail. the platypus weight is about 3 pounds.
Platypuses hunt underwater, where they swim gracefully by paddling with their front webbed feet and steering with their hind feet and beaver like tail. Folds of skin cover their eyes and ears to prevent water from entering, and the nostrils close with a watertight seal. In this posture, a platypus can remain submerged for a minute or two and employ its sensitive bill to find food. These Australian mammals are bottom feeders. They scoop up insects and larvae, shellfish, and worms in their bill along with bits of gravel and mud from the bottom. All this material is stored in cheek pouches and, at the surface, mashed for consumption. Platypuses do not have teeth, so the bits of gravel help them to “chew” their meal.
On land, platypuses move a bit more awkwardly. However, the webbing on their feet retracts to expose individual nails and allow the creatures to run. Platypuses use their nails and feet to construct dirt burrows at the water's edge.
Platypus reproduction is nearly unique. It is one of only two mammals (the echidna is the other) that lay eggs. Females seal themselves inside one of the burrow's chambers to lay their eggs. A mother typically produces one or two eggs and keeps them warm by holding them between her body and her tail. The eggs hatch in about ten days, but platypus infants are the size of lima beans and totally helpless. Females nurse their young for three to four months until the babies can swim on their own.
27. Which of the following can be inferred regarding Platypus?
a. A female platypus can produce more than three eggs .
b. Platypus has sharp stingers on the of their tail and can use them to deliver a strong toxic blow to any foe.
c. Platypus swallows their meal using the bits of gravel because they have no teeth.
d. Platypus is less contented live in water than on the land.
e. A total height of adult Platypus is about nineteen inches.
Jawaban : C
Pembahasan :
Kalimat yang dapat disimpulkan dari bacaan di atas adalah bahwa Platipus menelan makanannya dengan sedikit kerikil karena mereka tidak mempunyai gigi. Hal ini dapat dicermati pada kalimat terakhir paragraf 2 yaitu “Platypuses do not have teeth, so the bits of gravel help them to “chew” their meal.”
28. According to the passage, which of the following is a characteristic of Platypus that is not found in the text?
a. Platypus can live both underwater and land.
b. Platypus attacks any other mammalian they meet.
c. Platypuses use their nails and feet to construct dirt burrows at the water's edge.
d. A female platypus warms their eggs by holding them between her body and her tail.
e. They scoop up insects and larvae, shellfish, and worms.
Jawaban : B
Pembahasan :
Opsi A, C, D, dan E sesuai dengan informasi yang tersedia pada bacaan di atas. Sementara opsi B di mana Platipus menyerang hewan mamalia lain yang mereka temui adalah informasi yang tidak tersedia pada bacaan tersebut.
29. Which of the following best describes the general classification of the first paragraph?
A. It presents a comparison between two or more subject of a particular phenomenon.
B. It provides a conclusion and suggestion of the particular phenomenon.
C. It introduces the topic of the report or tells short description of the subject.
D. It explains a resolution to a controversy of the next paragraph.
E. It presents two hypotheses for a particular occurrence.
Jawaban : C
Pembahasan :
Kalimat yang menjelaskan tentang konteks yang terdapat pada general classification jenis teks Report adalah di mana general classification memperkenalkan topik atau deskripsi pendek tentang subjek yang sedang dibahas.
30. The author of the passage most likely mentions “sharp stingers” in order to
A. convey how platypus protects themselves from foe attacks.
B. explain the other side of platypus attracts female.
C. describe the characteristics of animal mammals in general.
D. provide a way to reproduce eggs using those essential tackle.
E. support themselves to go hunting down underwater
Jawaban : A
Pembahasan :
Tujuan penulis menyebutkan sharp stingers pada bacaan di atas adalah untuk menyampaikan kepada pembaca bagaimana platipus melindungi dirinya dari serangan musuh menggunakan alat penyengat (sharp stingers) pada tubuhnya.
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